EDUCATIONAL PUPOSE ONLY:-
GENERAL STOCK MARKET TERMS:-
- STOCK/SHARE: A UNIT OF OWNERSHIP IN A COMPANY.
- EQUITY: OWNERSHIP IN A COMPANY REPRESENTED BY SHARES.
- STOCK EXCHANGE: A MARKETPLACE WHERE STOCKS AND OTHER SECURITIES ARE BOUGHT AND SOLD (E.G., NSE, BSE).
- IPO (INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING): WHEN A COMPANY OFFERS ITS SHARES TO THE PUBLIC FOR THE FIRST TIME.
- SECONDARY MARKET: A MARKET WHERE EXISTING SHARES ARE TRADED AMONG INVESTORS.
STOCK TRADING TERMS:-
- BUY: PLACING AN ORDER TO PURCHASE SHARES.
- SELL: PLACING AN ORDER TO SELL SHARES.
- BULL MARKET: A MARKET CONDITION CHARACTERIZED BY RISING PRICES.
- BEAR MARKET: A MARKET CONDITION CHARACTERIZED BY FALLING PRICES.
- BID PRICE: THE HIGHEST PRICE A BUYER IS WILLING TO PAY FOR A STOCK.
- ASK PRICE: THE LOWEST PRICE A SELLER IS WILLING TO ACCEPT FOR A STOCK.
- SPREAD: THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE BID PRICE AND THE ASK PRICE.
- LIMIT ORDER: AN ORDER TO BUY OR SELL A STOCK AT A SPECIFIC PRICE OR BETTER.
- MARKET ORDER: AN ORDER TO BUY OR SELL A STOCK AT THE CURRENT MARKET PRICE.
- STOP-LOSS ORDER: AN ORDER TO SELL A STOCK WHEN IT REACHES A SPECIFIED PRICE TO LIMIT LOSSES.
STOCK MARKET INDICES:-
- SENSEX: THE BENCHMARK INDEX OF THE BOMBAY STOCK EXCHANGE (BSE).
- NIFTY: THE BENCHMARK INDEX OF THE NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE (NSE).
- INDEX: A STATISTICAL MEASURE OF CHANGES IN A PORTFOLIO OF STOCKS REPRESENTING A PORTION OF THE MARKET.
- MARKET CAPITALIZATION: THE TOTAL MARKET VALUE OF A COMPANY’S OUTSTANDING SHARES.
- LARGE-CAP, MID-CAP, SMALL-CAP: CATEGORIES OF COMPANIES BASED ON THEIR MARKET CAPITALIZATION.
STOCK ANALYSIS TERMS:-
- P/E RATIO (PRICE-TO-EARNINGS RATIO): A VALUATION RATIO CALCULATED BY DIVIDING A COMPANY’S CURRENT STOCK PRICE BY ITS EARNINGS PER SHARE (EPS).
- EPS (EARNINGS PER SHARE): A COMPANY’S PROFIT DIVIDED BY THE NUMBER OF ITS OUTSTANDING SHARES.
- DIVIDEND: A PORTION OF A COMPANY’S PROFIT DISTRIBUTED TO SHAREHOLDERS.
- YIELD: THE DIVIDEND AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE STOCK PRICE.
- VOLUME: THE NUMBER OF SHARES TRADED DURING A SPECIFIC PERIOD.
- 52-WEEK HIGH/LOW: THE HIGHEST AND LOWEST PRICE A STOCK HAS REACHED IN THE PAST YEAR.
TECHNICAL ANALYSIS TERMS:-
- CANDLESTICK CHART: A CHART USED TO REPRESENT PRICE MOVEMENTS OF A STOCK.
- SUPPORT LEVEL: A PRICE LEVEL AT WHICH A STOCK TENDS TO STOP FALLING.
- RESISTANCE LEVEL: A PRICE LEVEL AT WHICH A STOCK TENDS TO STOP RISING.
- MOVING AVERAGE: AN AVERAGE STOCK PRICE OVER A SPECIFIC PERIOD, USED TO IDENTIFY TRENDS.
- RSI (RELATIVE STRENGTH INDEX): A MOMENTUM INDICATOR MEASURING THE SPEED AND CHANGE OF PRICE MOVEMENTS.
- MACD (MOVING AVERAGE CONVERGENCE DIVERGENCE): A TREND-FOLLOWING MOMENTUM INDICATOR.
STOCK MARKET PARTICIPANTS:-
- RETAIL INVESTOR: INDIVIDUAL INVESTORS WHO BUY AND SELL STOCKS FOR PERSONAL ACCOUNTS.
- INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR: ENTITIES LIKE MUTUAL FUNDS OR INSURANCE COMPANIES INVESTING LARGE SUMS OF MONEY.
- BROKER: A LICENSED INDIVIDUAL OR FIRM THAT EXECUTES BUY AND SELL ORDERS ON BEHALF OF INVESTORS.
- TRADER: SOMEONE WHO BUYS AND SELLS STOCKS FREQUENTLY FOR SHORT-TERM GAINS.
- MARKET MAKER: AN ENTITY THAT PROVIDES LIQUIDITY BY BUYING AND SELLING STOCKS.
KEY REGULATIONS AND BODIES:-
- SEBI (SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE BOARD OF INDIA): THE REGULATORY AUTHORITY FOR THE STOCK MARKET IN INDIA.
- DEPOSITORY: AN ORGANIZATION THAT HOLDS SECURITIES IN ELECTRONIC FORM (E.G., NSDL, CDSL).
- BROKERAGE: THE FEE CHARGED BY A BROKER FOR EXECUTING TRADES.
- DEMAT ACCOUNT: AN ACCOUNT FOR HOLDING SHARES IN ELECTRONIC FORM.
- TRADING ACCOUNT: AN ACCOUNT USED TO BUY AND SELL SHARES ON THE STOCK EXCHANGE.
MARKET RISKS AND EVENTS:-
- VOLATILITY: THE DEGREE OF VARIATION IN A STOCK’S PRICE OVER TIME.
- LIQUIDITY: THE EASE WITH WHICH A STOCK CAN BE BOUGHT OR SOLD WITHOUT AFFECTING ITS PRICE.
- CIRCUIT BREAKER: A MECHANISM TO TEMPORARILY HALT TRADING IN CASE OF SIGNIFICANT MARKET MOVEMENT.
- BLUE-CHIP STOCK: SHARES OF A LARGE, REPUTABLE, AND FINANCIALLY STABLE COMPANY.
- PENNY STOCK: LOW-PRICED STOCKS WITH HIGH RISK AND LOW MARKET CAPITALIZATION.
TAXATION:-
- CAPITAL GAINS TAX: TAX ON PROFITS FROM THE SALE OF STOCKS.
- STCG (SHORT-TERM CAPITAL GAINS): GAINS FROM SELLING STOCKS HELD FOR LESS THAN A YEAR, TAXED HIGHER.
- LTCG (LONG-TERM CAPITAL GAINS): GAINS FROM SELLING STOCKS HELD FOR MORE THAN A YEAR, TAXED LOWER.
- SECURITIES TRANSACTION TAX (STT): TAX LEVIED ON TRANSACTIONS IN LISTED SECURITIES.
COMMON TERMS IN GLOBAL MARKETS:-
- NASDAQ: AN AMERICAN STOCK EXCHANGE KNOWN FOR ITS TECH-FOCUSED LISTINGS.
- DOW JONES: A STOCK MARKET INDEX IN THE UNITED STATES.
- FOREX: FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET, WHERE CURRENCIES ARE TRADED.
- ETF (EXCHANGE TRADED FUND): A FUND THAT TRADES LIKE A STOCK ON STOCK EXCHANGES.
- ADR (AMERICAN DEPOSITORY RECEIPT): A WAY FOR INVESTORS TO BUY SHARES OF FOREIGN COMPANIES IN THE U.S.
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| 5. | STRAIT OF HORMUZ: STRATEGIC & ECONOMIC ROLE | |
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| 6. | BIHAR TEACHER ELIGIBILITY TEST (BIHAR TET) : COMPLETE GUIDE | |
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| 10. | ARAVALLI MOUNTAIN RANGE: THE ANCIENT SPINE OF INDIA | |
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| 11. | GK SSC TIER I PREVIOUS YEAR MCQ | |
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| 12. | REITs AND InvITs IN INDIA: COMPLETE GUIDE (SCOPE, RISKS & FUTURE) | |
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| 13. | भारतीय संसद का सत्र: प्रक्रिया, नियमऔर एस ओ पी ; पी एस यू परीक्षा के लिए संपूर्ण मार्ग दर्शिका | |
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| 16. | VOLCANOES AND EARTHQUAKES: A COMPLETE GUIDE | |
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| 17. | PETROLEUM REFINERY PROCESS: WITH 200 MCQ | |
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| 18. | SET THEORY: A COMPLETE GUIDE WITH 400 MCQ | SET THEORY: A COMPLETE GUIDE WITH 400 MCQ |
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| 19. | WORLD’S SMALLEST, LONGEST, THINNEST, THICKEST AND TALLEST | |
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